Switzerland with its Subjects & Allies.

Switzerland on the verge of the Napoleonic Wars.

This neat late 18th-century map of Switzerland was engraved by John Lodge and published by George Alexander Cook in London around 1787. Technically a confederacy of thirteen separate cantons, the confusing political organization is reflected in a bewildering variety of principalities, bishoprics, kingdoms, and even a ‘League of Ten Jurisdictions’.

Numerous cities are shown as fortified, concentrated heavily along the Rhine River along the border with southern Germany. Switzerland gained independence from the Holy Roman Empire at the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, though hostilities persisted.